Hobuste Nakkuslik Aneemia

2024 Autor: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Viimati modifitseeritud: 2023-12-17 03:07

Infektsioonianeemia hobustel

Normaalne

vale

vale

vale

EN-USA

X-MITTE

X-MITTE

MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

<w: LatentStyles DefLockedState = "false" DefUnhideWhenUsed = "true"

DefSemiHidden = "true" DefQFormat = "false" DefPriority = "99"

LatentStyleCount = "267">

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "0" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Normal"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "9" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Nimi = "pealkiri 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "10" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Pealkiri"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "11" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Subtitle"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "22" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Tugev"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "20" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Rõhk"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Priority = "59" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tabelivõrk"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "1" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Tühikuid pole"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Light Shading"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Light List"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrk"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine loend 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine loend 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine võrk 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine võrk 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine ruudustik 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tume loend"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjutus"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviline loend"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustik"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Hele varjutuse aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusloendi aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrgu aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1 aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine varjutus 2 aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine loend 1 aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "34" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Loendi lõik"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "29" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Quote"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "30" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Intensiivne tsitaat"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 2 aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 1 aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 2. aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 3 aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tume loendi aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjundi aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviliste loendite aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustiku aktsent 1"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Hele varjutuse aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusloendi aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrgu aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1 aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 2 aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 1 aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 2 aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 1 aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 2. aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 3 aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tume loendi aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjundi aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviliste loendite aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustiku aktsent 2"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Hele varjutuse aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusloendi aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrgu aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1 aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 2 aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 1 aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 2 aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 1 aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 2. aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 3 aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tume loendi aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjundi aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviliste loendite aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustiku aktsent 3"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Hele varjutuse aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusloendi aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrgu aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1 aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 2 aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 1 aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine loend 2 aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 1 aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 2. aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 3 aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tume loendi aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjundi aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviliste loendite aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustiku aktsent 4"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Hele varjutuse aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusloendi aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrgu aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1 aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 2 aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 1 aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 2 aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 1. aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 2. aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 3. aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tumeda loendi aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjundi aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviliste loendite aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustiku aktsent 5"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "60" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Hele varjutuse aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "61" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusloendi aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "62" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Valgusvõrgu aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "63" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 1 aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "64" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Keskmine varjutus 2 aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "65" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 1 aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "66" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise loendi 2 aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "67" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 1 aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "68" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmise ruudustiku 2. aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "69" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Keskmine ruudustik 3 aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "70" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Tume loendi aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "71" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline varjundi aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "72" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Nimi = "Värviliste loendite aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "73" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" Name = "Värviline ruudustiku aktsent 6"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "19" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Peen rõhk"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "21" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Intensiivne rõhuasetus"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "31" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Peen viide"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "32" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Intensiivne viide"

<w: LsdException Locked = "false" Prioriteet = "33" SemiHidden = "false"

UnhideWhenUsed = "false" QFormat = "true" Name = "Raamatu pealkiri"

Hobuste malaariaks või rabapalaviks nimetatud hobuste nakkuslik aneemia (EIA) on viirus, mis põhjustab hobuse punaste vereliblede hävitamist, põhjustades aneemiat, nõrkust ja surma. KMH on muutunud teatavates maailma osades endeemiliseks, kuid USA-s on see väga haruldane. Tegelikult on EIA USA-s teatatav haigus, mis tähendab, et kui see diagnoositakse hobusel selles riigis, on veterinaararst kohustatud sellest USDA-d teavitama.

Hobuste nakkusliku aneemia vastu ei saa ravida. Seda levitab hobukärbes. Näitustel osalemiseks ja osariigi liinidel transportimiseks tuleb hobuseid testida selle haiguse suhtes. See on lihtne rutiinne vereanalüüs, mida nimetatakse Cogginsi testiks.

Sümptomid

KMH võib esineda ägeda või kroonilise vormina. Äge vorm on tavaliselt surmav. Kui hobune jääb ellu, muutub see haiguse krooniliseks kandjaks. Pärast nakatumist püsib viirus hobuse kehas kogu elu. Kroonilisi kandeid nimetatakse “rammumeesteks”.

• Aneemia
• Letargia
• Kaalukaotus
• Palavik
• Suurenenud põrn
• Kõhu ja jalgade turse (tursed)
• Depressioon
• Vähenenud sportlik jõudlus
• Surm (ägedatel juhtudel)

Põhjus

KMH on põhjustatud retro viirusest ja seda edastavad hobukärbsed. Kuid nakkus võib levida ka verega saastunud esemete kaudu, näiteks steriliseerimata nõelad, süstlad jne.

Diagnoos

Teie veterinaararst viib kahtlustataval loomal tavaliselt läbi Cogginsi testi, mis on laboratoorselt läbi viidud vereanalüüs hobuste EIA diagnoosimiseks.

Ravi

EIA-s pole USA-s praegu saadaval ravi ega vaktsiini, kuigi enamikul selle haiguse ägeda vormi üle elanud hobustel võivad sümptomid episoodiliselt süveneda. Huvitav on see, et inimese HIV viiruse ja EIA kohta on tehtud isegi uuringuid, kuna need mõlemad on retroviirused.

Elamine ja juhtimine

Kui USA-s hobusel diagnoositakse EIA, on USDA volitanud kolme võimalust. Kuna tegemist on teatatava haigusega ja ravimit pole, on esimene ja kõige tavalisem variant eutanaasia. Teiseks saab nakatunud hobuse annetada uurimisasutusele. Kolmandaks saavad omanikud ehitada täiesti suletud traatvõrguga kaetud lauda, mis ei luba hobuselistel siseneda ja hobusel on keelatud igasugune kokkupuude teiste hobustega. Kolmanda variandi kulude ja piirangute ning EIA positiivseid hobuseid aktsepteerivate laborite piiratud arvu tõttu põhjustab enamikul juhtudel eutanaasia.